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Showing posts from September, 2012

Causes of Rickets

Rickets is a nutritional deficiency disease caused due to deficiency of vitamin D. This disease occurs in children. In rickets, before the epiphyses have fused, there occurs failure of growing bone to mineralize due to deficiency of vitamin D in growing child.

Osteomalacia

Osteomalacia is a disorder of mineralization of organic matrix of skeleton in adults when the epiphyseal growth plates have closed. Osteomalacia produces increased non-mineralized matrix in bones.

Pseudomembranous Colitis

Pseudomembranous colitis also known as antibiotic associated colitis is caused due to a toxin produced by Clostridium difficile when the normal bacterial flora is altered or suppressed by antibiotics. It usually occurs in adults.

Giardiasis

Giardiasis is an inflammatory disease which occurs due to the infection by micro-organism named Giardia lamblia , which occurs by ingestion of cysts through contaminated or infected water.

Lactose Intolerance

Lactose intolerance is a gastrointestinal disease in which there occurs deficiency of an enzyme named lactase which hydrolyzes lactose to its components galactose and glucose. In the absence of this enzyme named lactase , lactose cannot be hydrolyzed and hence, it goes to colon where it is fermented by bacteria causing various gastrointestinal symptoms of lactase deficiency.