Health Blog

Irregular astigmatism is refractive error in which there is change of refractive power in indifferent way or in irregular way in different meridia. Types - 1. Curvatural irregular astigmatism. 2. Index irregular astigmatism.

Aphakia is the absence of crystalline lens from eye. It causes high degree of hypermetropia.

Achalasia of oesophagus occurs at any age but it usually affects middle age patients. There is hypertonic lower oesophageal sphincter. There is failure of propagated oesophageal contraction.

Acute membranous conjunctivitis is acute inflammation of the conjunctiva. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheria. There is formation of membrane in the palpebral conjunctiva and coagulative necrosis.

Hyperprolactinaemia is a kind of metabolic disorder. Its main symptoms are galactorrhoea and hypogonadism.

It is caused by hypersecretion of growth hormone from pituitary tumor.

Cardiac arrest is the sudden and complete loss of cardiac output due to asystole, ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation or loss of mechanical cardiac contraction. Victim is unconscious and pulse-less completely after cardiac arrest. Arrhythmia is there. Coronary artery disease is the most common condition leading to cardiac arrest.

Phaeochromocytoma is a rare tumor of chromaffin tissue that secretes catecholamines.

The most common enzyme defect in congenital hyperplasia is 21-hydroxylase deficiency. This enzyme defect is inherited as autosomal recessive trait. Symptoms- 1. Glucocorticoid deficiency. 2. Mineralocorticoid deficiency.

A plasma magnesium concentration below the normal range is usually a reflection of magnesium depletion.

An aortic aneurysm is an abnormal dilatation of the aortic wall.  

Diabetes insipidus is characterized by the persistent excretion of excessive quantities of dilute urine and by thirst.

Non ulcer dyspepsia is chronic dyspepsia in the absence of organic disease.

Secondary amenorrhea is the cessation of menstruation.

Seronegative spondarthritis is a group of inflammatory joint diseases, distinct from rheumatoid arthritis, that are thought to share similar pathogenesis.

Gut infection usually results from human Mycobacterium tuberculosis which is swallowed after coughing. The area most commonly affected is the ileocaecal region.

Tissue necrosis in the feet is a common reason for hospital admission in diabetic patients.

This involves adverse reactions to food which are not immune mediated and result from pharmological, metabolic or other causes.