Diabetes insipidus is characterized by the persistent excretion of excessive quantities of dilute urine and by thirst.
Causes-
1. Structural hypothalamic lesion.
2. Idiopathic.
3. Nephrogenic causes.
4. Genetic defect.
5. Hypokalaemia.
6. Hypercalcaemia.
7. Drug.
8. Heavy metals.
9. Polycystic kidney disease.
10. Sickle cell anemia.
Investigations-
1. Elevated plasma osmolality.
2. Water deprivation test.
3. Plasma electrolytes.
4. Plasma calcium.
5. Investigations of renal tract.
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